What is the function of the alternator in a vehicle?

The alternator's primary function in a vehicle is to generate electrical power. As the engine runs, the alternator converts mechanical energy from the engine into electrical energy, which is then used to charge the battery and power the vehicle's electrical systems while the engine is operating. This continuous generation of electrical power ensures that all the vehicle's electrical components, such as lights, radio, and fuel injection system, receive the energy they need to function properly.

While options like storing electrical energy, acting as a switch, or controlling voltage levels might describe functions related to other components in the vehicle, they do not accurately represent the fundamental role of the alternator. The alternator itself does not store electrical energy; that role is primarily performed by the battery. Additionally, while it does help regulate voltage through its design, its primary role is the generation of electrical power as the vehicle operates.