Which component in the vehicle's electrical system regulates the voltage generated by the alternator?

The voltage regulator is the component in the vehicle's electrical system responsible for maintaining and regulating the voltage output from the alternator. Its primary function is to ensure that the voltage stays within a specified range to prevent the electrical components and the battery from being damaged by excessive voltage.

When the engine is running, the alternator generates electricity to recharge the battery and power the electrical systems in the vehicle. The voltage regulator monitors the voltage level and adjusts the alternator's output accordingly. If the voltage rises above a predetermined threshold, the regulator reduces the alternator's charging output, preventing overcharging. Conversely, if the voltage drops too low, the regulator will allow more current to flow to ensure the systems remain powered.

The other components listed do not play a direct role in regulating the voltage from the alternator. The battery stores electrical energy and provides power to the vehicle when the engine is off. The starter motor is responsible for cranking the engine during startup. The fuse protects the electrical system from overloads but does not regulate voltage levels.